Фразовые глаголы (топ‑119)
Фразовый глагол = глагол + частица (up, out, off…) и/или предлог. Значение часто нельзя угадать по частям: give up — не «дать вверх», а «бросить».
- Отделяемые: объект‑существительное можно ставить между глаголом и частицей: Turn off the light. / Turn the light off. Местоимение — только между: Turn it off. (не Turn off it).
- Неотделяемые: объект всегда после всей конструкции: look after the cat, look for keys.
- Трёхчастные: обычно неотделяемые: look forward to, put up with, catch up with.
| Фразовый глагол | Значение | Пример |
|---|---|---|
| ask for | просить | Emma asked for a glass of water. |
| back up | поддерживать / делать копию | Leo backed up Emma's idea. |
| be about to | собираться (вот-вот) | The train is about to leave. |
| be over | закончиться | The meeting is over. |
| blow up | взорваться / надуть | They blew up the balloons. |
| break down | сломаться / расплакаться | The car broke down on the way to Oslo. |
| break into | вламываться | Someone broke into the office. |
| break up | расстаться | They broke up last year. |
| bring about | вызывать, приводить к | The reform brought about big changes. |
| bring up | воспитывать / поднимать тему | She brought up three children. |
| call off | отменять | They called off the match. |
| call on | навещать / призывать | We called on Clara yesterday. |
| calm down | успокаиваться | Please calm down. |
| carry on | продолжать | Carry on with your work. |
| carry out | выполнять | They carried out the plan. |
| catch up with | догонять | I need to catch up with the group. |
| check in | регистрироваться | We checked in at the hotel. |
| check out | выезжать / проверять | Check out this café. |
| cheer up | взбодриться | Cheer up! Things will get better. |
| come across | случайно встретить / наткнуться | I came across an old photo. |
| come along | идти вместе / получаться | Would you like to come along? |
| come back | возвращаться | Emma came back late. |
| come from | быть родом из | Leo comes from Bergen. |
| come in | входить | Come in, please. |
| come on | давай / включаться | Come on, we're late. |
| come out | выходить / выходить в свет | Her book came out in May. |
| come up with | придумать | She came up with a great idea. |
| count on | рассчитывать на | You can count on me. |
| cut down on | сокращать | I'm trying to cut down on sugar. |
| cut off | отключать / обрезать | They cut off the electricity. |
| deal with | иметь дело с | How do you deal with stress? |
| do without | обходиться без | We can't do without water. |
| drop by | заглянуть | Drop by when you're free. |
| drop off | высадить / заснуть | Can you drop me off at the station? |
| end up | в итоге оказаться | We ended up in a tiny café. |
| fall apart | разваливаться | The old chair fell apart. |
| fall behind | отставать | Don't fall behind with your homework. |
| fall out | ссориться | They fell out over money. |
| figure out | понять, разобраться | I can't figure out this rule. |
| fill in | заполнять | Fill in the form. |
| find out | узнавать | Did you find out the truth? |
| get along with | ладить | Emma gets along with her classmates. |
| get away | убежать / уехать отдохнуть | We need to get away for a weekend. |
| get back | возвращаться | What time did you get back? |
| get in | входить / прибывать | The train got in at six. |
| get off | выходить (из транспорта) | Get off at the next stop. |
| get on | садиться (в транспорт) / ладить | Get on the bus. |
| get over | пережить, оправиться | It took time to get over the flu. |
| get rid of | избавиться от | I want to get rid of old clothes. |
| get through | дозвониться / справиться | I couldn't get through to her. |
| get up | вставать | I get up at seven. |
| give away | раздавать / выдавать секрет | Don't give away the ending. |
| give back | возвращать | Give the book back to Leo. |
| give in | сдаваться, уступать | In the end he gave in. |
| give up | бросать, сдаваться | Don't give up. |
| go ahead | продолжай / вперед | Go ahead, I'm listening. |
| go away | уходить | Please go away. |
| go back | возвращаться | Go back to the beginning. |
| go on | продолжать / происходить | What's going on? |
| go out | выходить / гаснуть | They go out every Friday. |
| go through | пройти через / просматривать | She went through a hard time. |
| grow up | вырастать | He grew up in Oslo. |
| hand in | сдавать | Hand in your essays tomorrow. |
| hang on | подожди | Hang on a second. |
| hang out | тусоваться | We hang out at the park. |
| hold on | подожди / держаться | Hold on, please. |
| keep on | продолжать | Keep on trying. |
| keep up with | не отставать от | It's hard to keep up with the news. |
| let down | подводить | I won't let you down. |
| look after | присматривать за | Can you look after my cat? |
| look for | искать | I'm looking for my keys. |
| look forward to | с нетерпением ждать | I look forward to seeing you. |
| look into | расследовать | The police are looking into it. |
| look out | осторожно | Look out! |
| look up | искать (в словаре) | Look up the word. |
| make up | мириться / выдумывать | They made up after the quarrel. |
| make up for | компенсировать | I'll make up for the lost time. |
| move in | въезжать | They moved in last week. |
| move out | съезжать | We're moving out in June. |
| pass away | умереть (эвфемизм) | His grandfather passed away. |
| pass out | упасть в обморок | It was so hot that she passed out. |
| pay back | отдавать долг | I'll pay you back tomorrow. |
| pick up | подбирать / заезжать / учить | I'll pick you up at eight. |
| point out | указывать | She pointed out my mistake. |
| put away | убирать | Put away your toys. |
| put off | откладывать | Don't put off until tomorrow. |
| put on | надевать | Put on your coat. |
| put out | тушить / выпускать | Put out the candle. |
| put up with | мириться с | I can't put up with this noise. |
| run into | случайно встретить | I ran into Owen downtown. |
| run out of | заканчиваться | We've run out of milk. |
| set off | отправляться | We set off early. |
| set up | организовывать | They set up a new company. |
| show up | появляться | He didn't show up. |
| shut down | закрывать / выключать | The factory shut down. |
| sit down | садиться | Please sit down. |
| slow down | замедляться | Slow down! |
| sort out | разбираться, улаживать | We need to sort this out. |
| stand for | означать / терпеть | What does UNESCO stand for? |
| switch off | выключать | Switch off the light. |
| switch on | включать | Switch on the TV. |
| take after | быть похожим на | She takes after her mother. |
| take away | убирать / навынос | Take away the empty plates. |
| take off | снимать / взлетать | The plane took off on time. |
| take over | брать на себя / поглощать | Who will take over the project? |
| take up | начинать (хобби) / занимать место | She took up yoga. |
| throw away | выбрасывать | Don't throw away that letter. |
| try on | примерять | Try on this jacket. |
| turn down | отклонять / убавлять | They turned down my offer. |
| turn into | превращаться в | The discussion turned into an argument. |
| turn off | выключать | Turn off your phone. |
| turn on | включать | Turn on the heating. |
| turn up | появляться / прибавлять | He turned up late. |
| wake up | просыпаться | I woke up at six. |
| walk away | уходить | He walked away without a word. |
| watch out | осторожно | Watch out for bikes. |
| wear out | изнашиваться / утомлять | These shoes are worn out. |
| work out | получаться / тренироваться | Everything worked out well. |
| write down | записывать | Write down the address. |