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Рабочая тетрадь: упражнения с проверкой и ответами

← Причастие

Упражнение 394

Перефразируйте следующие предложения, употребляя независимый причастный оборот.

Теория

правило к этому упражнению

Participle I

Форма на -ing описывает предмет, который сам выполняет действие. Оборот с причастием заменяет определительное придаточное с who / which.

  1. 1.Причастие стоит после определяемого слова, если оно тянет за собой зависимые слова.

    • The boy standing by the gate is my nephew. — Мальчик у калитки — мой племянник.

  2. 2.Одиночное причастие стоит перед существительным.

    • a smiling child — улыбающийся ребёнок

  3. 3.Прилагательные на -ing. Причастие I на месте прилагательного описывает свойство предмета, а не человека.

    • It was a puzzling answer. — Это был озадачивающий ответ.
  • The road linking the two towns is narrow. — Дорога, соединяющая два города, узкая.

Частая ошибка. «The man stood there is my uncle» — ошибка: нужна форма на -ing — the man standing there.

Participle II

Третья форма глагола описывает предмет, над которым выполнено действие. Оборот заменяет придаточное в страдательном залоге.

  1. 1.Прилагательные на -ed. Причастие II на месте прилагательного описывает состояние человека.

    • We were bored by the lecture. — Лекция нас утомила.

    Пара boring / bored: -ing о том, что вызывает чувство, -ed о том, кто его испытывает.

Сокращение придаточного
ПридаточноеПричастный оборот
the bridge which was built in 1890the bridge built in 1890
the parcel which was sent last weekthe parcel sent last week
the tools which are used for this jobthe tools used for this job
  • The chairs made in this workshop last for years. — Стулья, сделанные в этой мастерской, служат годами.

Частая ошибка. «The letter wrote yesterday» — ошибка: нужна третья форма — the letter written yesterday.

Причастные обороты

Причастный оборот в начале предложения заменяет придаточное времени или причины. Подлежащее оборота и главного предложения должно совпадать.

  1. 1.Having + третья форма показывает, что действие оборота произошло раньше.

    • Having locked the gate, he checked it twice. — Заперев калитку, он дважды её проверил.

  2. 2.Отрицание образуется частицей not перед причастием.

    • Not having a ticket, she waited outside. — Не имея билета, она осталась ждать снаружи.
Типы причастных оборотов
ПридаточноеОборотЗначение
While she was waiting…Waiting for the bus, she read.одновременность
After he had lost…Having lost his ticket, he…предшествование
As he did not know…Not knowing the way, he asked.причина
When it is heated…When heated, the metal expands.условие
  • Crossing the bridge, we saw the whole harbor. — Переходя мост, мы увидели всю гавань.

Частая ошибка. Подлежащее должно совпадать: «Feeling unwell, the doctor was called» значит, что плохо стало доктору. Правильно: Feeling unwell, she called the doctor.

Статус пунктов

  1. Пункт 1
    не проверено

    As our work was finished, we went home.

  2. Пункт 2
    не проверено

    If the letter is posted today, the news will reach them tomorrow.

  3. Пункт 3
    не проверено

    If mother permits us, we shall go to the theatre.

  4. Пункт 4
    не проверено

    When the working day was over, she went straight home.

  5. Пункт 5
    не проверено

    As a storm was arising, the ship entered the harbour.

  6. Пункт 6
    не проверено

    When the packing had been done, the girls left for the station.

  7. Пункт 7
    не проверено

    As the stop was a long one, the girls got off the train.

  8. Пункт 8
    не проверено

    As the weather was perfect, Lydia played tennis every day.

  9. Пункт 9
    не проверено

    As the last month was a very busy one, she could not answer her friend's letter.

  10. Пункт 10
    не проверено

    If time permits, we shall come a few days earlier.

  11. Пункт 11
    не проверено

    When the third bell had gone, the curtain slowly rose.

  12. Пункт 12
    не проверено

    As the underground station was not far, we walked there.

  13. Пункт 13
    не проверено

    Jake could not sleep the whole night, as there was something wrong with his eye.

  14. Пункт 14
    не проверено

    As the rules were very strict, the doorkeeper did not permit Jake to enter.

  15. Пункт 15
    не проверено

    As the front door was open, she could see straight through the house.

  16. Пункт 16
    не проверено

    Rip had no desire to work on his farm, for it was to his mind the worst piece of land in the neighbourhood.

  17. Пункт 17
    не проверено

    They stood there; the night wind was shaking the drying whispering leaves.

  18. Пункт 18
    не проверено

    As the situation was urgent, we had to go ahead.

  19. Пункт 19
    не проверено

    When the greetings were over, Old Jolyon seated himself in a wicker chair.

  20. Пункт 20
    не проверено

    The town of Crewe is known to be one of the most busy junctions in Ireland: many railway lines pass through it.

  21. Пункт 21
    не проверено

    We set off; the rain was still coming down heavily.

  22. Пункт 22
    не проверено

    After a private sitting room had been engaged, bedrooms inspected and dinner ordered, the party walked out to view the city.

  23. Пункт 23
    не проверено

    Dinner was served on the terrace, as it was very close in the room.

  24. Пункт 24
    не проверено

    Thoughtful, Marcus finished his omelette; his eyes were all the time fixed upon the microscope.

  25. Пункт 25
    не проверено

    There was in fact nothing to wait for, and we got down to work.

  26. Пункт 26
    не проверено

    The question was rather difficult to answer at once, and I asked for permission to think it over.

  27. Пункт 27
    не проверено

    He stood leaning against the wall, his arms were folded.

  28. Пункт 28
    не проверено

    There was very little time left; we had to hurry.

  29. Пункт 29
    не проверено

    Of an evening he read aloud; his small son sat by his side.

  30. Пункт 30
    не проверено

    The new engines were safely delivered, all of them were in good order.

  31. Пункт 31
    не проверено

    Our efforts to start the car had failed, and we spent the night in a nearby village.

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