Conditionals: условные предложения

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Запомните три типа условных предложений
I	If the weather is fine, we shall play outside.	Если погода будет хорошая, мы будем играть на открытом воздухе.
I	If you ring me up, I shall tell you something.	Если ты мне позвонишь, я тебе кое-что расскажу.
2	If the weather were fine,we should play outside.	Если бы погода была хорошая (сегодня, завтра), мы бы играли на открытом воздухе.
2	If you rang me up, I should tell you something.	Если бы ты мне позвонил (сегодня, завтра), я бы тебе кое-что рассказал.
3	If the weather had been fine, we should have played outside.	Если бы погода была хорошая (вчера), мы бы играли на открытом воздухе.
3	If you had rung me up, I should have told you something.	Если бы ты мне позвонил (вчера), я бы тебе кое-что рассказал.

If I	live in the south,	I shall (will)	bathe every day.
	come home late,		go to bed at once.
	live in the country,		often go to the wood.
	go to the wood,		gather many mushrooms.
	receive his letter,		be very happy.
	fall ill,		go to the doctor.
	find my book,		be very glad.
	lose my money,		be very sorry.
	see my friend,		ask his advice.

I wish I were	If I were	in the south	I should (would)	bathe every day.
		at home		go to bed.
		in the country		go to the wood.
		in the wood		gather many mushrooms.
		at the camp		have a very good time.
		a scientist		invent a time machine.
		a composer		write beautiful music.
		a poet		write beautiful poetry.
		a writer		write interesting novels.
		a spaceman		fly to other planets.
		a sailor		sail to Australia.

I wish I had	If I had	translated the article yesterday	I should (would) have	found out all about this discovery.
		met you yesterday		told you something.
		read this new book		told you about it.
		seen your brother yesterday		asked him to come to our place.
		bought a dictionary		translated the text.
		learned my lesson		got a good mark.
		rung him up yesterday		found out all about his illness.
		gone to the library		got that book.
		had more practice in chess		won the game yesterday.
		joined you in fishing		caught a lot of fish.
		had a ticket yesterday		gone to the theatre with you.
		asked you to help me		done the work well.
		called at that shop		bought the book.
		called on my friend yesterday		met interesting people.
		won the championship		been sent abroad.
		heard about it yesterday		been pleased.

В современном английском языке имеется тенденция к употреблению "would" вместо "should" с первым лицом единственного и множественного числа в главном предложении условных придаточных предложений II и III типов. См. Raymond Murphy "Essential Grammar In Use" a book for intermediate students: Unit 38 — If I knew his number, I would phone him.

• E.g. It's a pity you are ill. - I wish you were not ill.

Обратите внимание на смешанные случаи употребления времен в условных предложениях II и III типа

If I were acquainted with this famous professor, I should have rung him up. yesterday.

Условие относится к настоящему времени (II тип), а следствие — к прошедшему (III тип).

If I had written the composition yesterday, I should be free now.

Условие относится к прошедшему времени (III тип), а следствие — к настоящему (II тип).

Упражнения

← Complex Subject Wish: I wish / If only →